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A Pareto chart is a bar chart ordered from most to least frequent categories, typically with a cumulative percentage line to highlight the “vital few” categories contributing the majority of problems—an application of the Pareto (80/20) principle. It guides teams to focus improvement on the highest-impact areas first. A control chart (Option B) monitors process stability over time relative to control limits; it’s not used for categorical prioritization. A basic histogram (Option C) shows distributions but lacks the ordered bars and cumulative line that drive prioritization decisions. A scatter diagram (Option D) evaluates relationships between two variables, not categorical frequencies. CAPM quality management encourages using Pareto analysis in Manage Quality to target root-cause analysis and in Control Quality to monitor whether corrective actions reduce the dominant categories. Combined with cause-and-effect diagrams and 5 Whys, Pareto charts help allocate limited resources to the most consequential sources of defects, improving quality and cost performance.