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Heat-island mitigation for ground surfaces depends on reducing solar heat gain and storing less heat. High-albedo pavements reflect more solar radiation, lowering surface temperatures; permeable systems also improve stormwater infiltration and evaporative cooling. Strategically placed deciduous trees and canopy structures shade pedestrian routes and parking, cutting mean radiant temperature and improving comfort. Consolidating or covering parking reduces exposed area. In contrast, dark, dense pavements absorb heat and re-radiate it into the evening, worsening microclimates. More lighting does nothing for thermal conditions and can increase energy use and light pollution. Paving over soils eliminates infiltration, harms root zones, and amplifies heat gain. By combining reflective/porous surfaces with shading and smart parking design, projects lower cooling loads at the building perimeter, improve pedestrian experience, and align with LEED’s SS heat-island intent—often with lifecycle benefits from reduced resurfacing and improved stormwater performance.