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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

The correct answer is A because non-valvular atrial fibrillation is a major cardioembolic risk factor for ischemic stroke, and current clinical guidelines strongly recommend oral anticoagulation—preferably with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) like apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or edoxaban over vitamin K antagonists—for secondary stroke prevention in these patients. Antiplatelet agents such as aspirin alone are significantly less effective than anticoagulants for preventing cardioembolic events originating from atrial fibrillation. Option B is incorrect because dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and clopidogrel) is reserved for short-term use in acute minor stroke or high-risk TIA, or following intracranial stenting, rather than long-term cardioembolic prevention. Option C is incorrect because higher INR targets (3.0–4.0) increase bleeding risks without conferring added ischemic protection unless mechanical heart valves are present. Option D is incorrect because aspirin monotherapy is inadequate for cardioembolic prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation. Understanding risk factor modification and secondary prevention pharmacology is essential for nurses guiding patients toward optimal long-term outcomes and recurrence reduction.