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For older adults with OA and metabolic goals, low-impact aerobic modes such as cycling or swimming reduce joint loading while improving cardiorespiratory fitness and insulin sensitivity. Prescribing moderate intensity (e.g., 40–60% HRR or RPE 11–13) across most days of the week supports caloric expenditure and glycemic control. Complementary resistance training 2–3 days/week (1–3 sets of 8–12 reps for major muscle groups) enhances muscle mass, joint stability, and functional capacity; start with machines or bands, emphasizing pain-free ROM. Progress duration before intensity, and integrate flexibility and neuromotor exercises for balance. Avoid high-impact or ballistic activities initially due to joint stress and fall risk. Monitor pain (e.g., ≤2 points increase acceptable, resolving within 24 hours) and use warm-up/cool-down to protect joints. This combined, joint-friendly approach balances metabolic benefits and musculoskeletal safety, fostering adherence and long-term functional improvements.