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Judicial review is the power of courts—especially the U.S. Supreme Court—to interpret the Constitution and invalidate laws or government actions that conflict with it (established in Marbury v. Madison, 1803). Option C directly states the Court overturning a state law as unconstitutional, which is quintessential judicial review. Option A describes legislative power of the purse. Option B is an executive appointment power. Option D concerns executive functions at the state level. On the GED, tie government actions to constitutional roles: legislative (make/fund laws), executive (enforce/appoint), judicial (interpret/review). If a scenario involves declaring actions unconstitutional, it belongs to the judiciary. Recognizing this mapping helps quickly eliminate distractors and reinforces understanding of checks and balances—courts can check legislatures and executives by striking unconstitutional measures, while legislatures can respond with new laws or constitutional amendments.