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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Platelets (thrombocytes) are small, anucleate cell fragments essential for hemostasis. When vascular injury occurs, platelets adhere to exposed collagen, aggregate, and release factors that activate the coagulation cascade. This leads to fibrin clot formation, stabilizing the injured site. Without platelets, bleeding disorders such as thrombocytopenia occur, posing serious risks during invasive procedures. While plasma cells produce antibodies, neutrophils fight infection, and erythrocytes transport oxygen, platelets are uniquely responsible for initiating clot formation. Phlebotomists must understand clotting mechanisms to select correct tubes (e.g., anticoagulant tubes vs serum tubes) and handle specimens appropriately to prevent clotting where undesired. ASCP-aligned content highlights platelet biology to reinforce why proper tube inversion, anticoagulant use, and venipuncture technique are critical for preserving specimen integrity and ensuring accurate coagulation results.