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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Adequate milk intake is best assessed through objective indicators such as weight gain and elimination patterns. Consistent growth along expected trajectories, combined with appropriate numbers of wet diapers and stools, provides strong evidence that the infant is receiving sufficient milk.

Crying alone is nonspecific and may result from numerous causes unrelated to hunger. Feeding duration varies among infants and does not independently confirm adequate intake. Similarly, sleeping after feeding may occur even when intake is insufficient.

IBCLCs use a combination of clinical observations, weight trends, feeding assessments, and parental reports to evaluate breastfeeding effectiveness. Understanding reliable indicators of adequate intake helps prevent unnecessary supplementation and supports timely intervention when concerns arise.