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MCAS ELA standards emphasize evaluating the credibility and relevance of evidence supporting a claim in argumentative texts. Strong evidence is empirical, reliable, and directly linked to the claim’s outcome. Option B cites a peer-reviewed study with measured GPA improvements after a later start time. “Statistically significant” indicates rigorous analysis, suggesting that the observed improvements are unlikely due to chance. This aligns tightly with the claim about academic performance. Option A is subjective; while it relates to sleep and alertness, it is not proof of improved performance. Option C is an anecdote from a teacher about personal energy, not student outcomes. Option D provides context but no causal or outcome data. MCAS questions often require distinguishing between correlation and causation, recognizing credible sources, and understanding how quantitative data strengthens arguments. In this case, a well-designed study demonstrating measurable gains in GPA is the most persuasive and relevant piece of evidence, making B the best choice.