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Jackhammering concrete releases respirable crystalline silica, a severe health hazard linked to silicosis, lung cancer, and other respiratory diseases. Indoors, concentrations can rapidly exceed permissible exposure limits. The most critical first control is engineering: local exhaust ventilation, water suppression, or other dust control systems. Hearing protection and ergonomic support are also important but do not address the primary life-threatening hazard. Rotations reduce fatigue but not exposure concentration. OSHA’s silica standard mandates engineering controls as the first line of defense, supported by respiratory protection if necessary. A complete control package includes wet methods, HEPA vacuums for debris, sealed waste handling, and exposure monitoring. Worker training and medical surveillance complement controls. Addressing silica first demonstrates proper hazard prioritization (severity and likelihood). This approach aligns with CHST’s emphasis on identifying and controlling hazards systematically using the hierarchy of controls.