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Applied sciences in esthetics cover the safe use of electrotherapy. Galvanic desincrustation applies direct current (DC) with the client holding the positive electrode while the practitioner works with the negative electrode and an alkaline (desincrustation) solution. The negative polarity creates an alkaline reaction (saponification) that softens keratin and emulsifies sebum within follicles, facilitating comfortable extractions. By contrast, high frequency uses alternating current to generate a mild thermal/ozone effect for germicidal action—helpful post-extraction but not for sebum emulsification. Positive polarity iontophoresis is used to introduce acidic, astringent solutions and has a tightening effect, not desincrustation. Microcurrent (a different AC modality) focuses on low-level current for neuromuscular re-education and toning rather than chemical softening of sebum. Safe use requires proper client screening (contraindications like pacemakers, seizure disorders, metal implants, pregnancy per device guidance), conductive media, consistent movement, and sanitation of electrodes. Understanding polarity, solutions, and indications ensures efficacy and protects client safety—the core of esthetics modality training.