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Unbaffled tanks allow liquid to move freely, creating strong front-to-back surge under braking and side-to-side surge in turns. The safest approach is to plan well ahead, keep extra following distance, and make long, smooth, progressive stops so surge never builds aggressively. Hard or abrupt braking can result in a second “push” from the liquid as it sloshes forward, lengthening stopping distance and destabilizing the vehicle. “Stab” braking is inappropriate for surge control; it amplifies oscillations. Relying solely on engine braking may not provide sufficient deceleration and can still induce surge if the service brakes are applied late and sharply. Stopping short and releasing the brakes invites a rebound wave, risking roll-forward or loss of control. CDL tank-vehicle objectives teach drivers to anticipate signals, keep speeds conservative, avoid sudden steering/brake inputs, and understand that baffles reduce but do not eliminate surge. Smooth, early braking paired with strategic spacing is the core technique tested for safe tank operation.

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